Alfalfa Seeding Q&A
How important is it to have a firm seed bed? “Packing the seed bed has become a standard component of establishing perennial forages.” (Dave Wichman, 2016)
What is the recommended seeding rate for dryland alfalfa? “In numerous dryland trials across Montana, no yield or stand advantage has been documented at planting rates higher than 5 pounds of pure live seed (PLS) per acre. Five pounds of PLS equates to approximately 23 seeds per square foot. Heavier seeding rates will lead to over-competition during establishment.” (Emily Glunk, 2015)
What is the recommended seeding rate for irrigated alfalfa? “Eight pounds of PLS per acre. If you broadcast your seed, then you may need to increase your seeding rate.” (Dave Wichman, 2016)
What if I want to broadcast seed? “Harrowing before seeding is a good recommendation because soil moisture is turned up. Be sure to increase the seeding rate.” (Dave Wichman, 2013)
When is the best time to seed alfalfa? “Mid-March to April 10 at elevations greater than 3000 feet. Producers living at higher elevations will usually seed later than mid-March because of field soil conditions. Producers living at higher elevations will usually seed later than April 10 because of cooler summer temperatures. Early spring seeding increases the potential for a harvest in the seeding year. Alfalfa has a high level of frost tolerance to survive an early seeding.” (Dave Wichman, 2016)
When should alfalfa be seeded if I can’t get into the field in the spring? “Summer might be an option. It is a good idea to get at least to the 5th trifoliate stage before winter.” (Emily Glunk, 2015)
Is dormant seeding effective? “Dormant seeding can lead to low germination rates (sometimes <30%) (Emily Glunk, 2015). Dormant seeding does not seem to affect inoculation. Since we know that the bacteria can live in the soil up to (we suspect) 5 or so years or longer.” (Emily Glunk, 2015)
Does pH affect Inoculant: “Inoculant will not survive below a pH of 6.” (Dave Wichman, 2014)
What about a starter fertilizer? “In low organic matter soils, applying some starter N with the seed can enhance seedling establishment and growth.” (Dave Wichman, 2016)
Dave Wichman was the Montana State University Agricultural Research Center Department Head for the Central Agricultural Research Center near Moccasin. Emily Glunk was the Montana State University Extension Forage Specialist.
Montana State University U.S. Department of Agriculture and Montana Counties Cooperating. MSU Extension is an equal opportunity/affirmative action provider of educational outreach.
